KASBANA : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

JAMINAN HALAL DAN HAK KONSUMEN: INTEGRASI REGULASI DALAM RANTAI PASOK HALAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PREVENTIF DI INDONESIA

Mustaqim Makki Makki — 2026-08-19

Penelitian ini membahas lemahnya integrasi regulasi antara Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen dan Undang-Undang Jaminan Produk Halal dalam rantai pasok halal Indonesia dari perspektif perlindungan hukum preventif. Tujuannya menganalisis diskrepansi normatif, tumpang tindih kewenangan BPSK dan BPJPH, serta menawarkan model integrasi. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasilnya: (1) terjadi diskrepansi normatif pada otoritas kelembagaan dan skema self-declaration; (2) ada tumpang tindih kewenangan di fase pasca-pasar dan kekosongan di fase pra-pasar; (3) instrumen preventif seperti peringatan dini dan audit berkala tidak berfungsi. Model Joint Supervisory Protocol yang ditawarkan terdiri atas koordinasi pra-pasar, sistem peringatan dini 2×24 jam, dan audit berkala dengan sanksi progresif. Penelitian ini terbatas pada hukum positif Indonesia tanpa uji empiris. Penelitian lanjutan berupa uji coba terbatas direkomendasikan.

Kata Kunci: Jaminan Halal, Hak Konsumen, Perlindungan Preventif, Rantai Pasok, Integrasi Regulasi.

LEGALITAS SMART CONTRACT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH

Usman — 2026-08-17

Abstract

The development of blockchain technology has given rise to the innovation of smart contracts, enabling the automatic execution of agreements without intermediaries. However, this raises issues regarding the validity of contracts from the perspective of Islamic economic law. This study aims to analyze the legality of smart contracts based on the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh muamalah) and assess their compliance with the pillars and conditions of contracts in Islamic law. The research method used is normative juridical with a conceptual and legislative approach, through a review of fiqh literature, fatwas from the National Council of Islamic Scholars (DSN-MUI), and regulations related to electronic transactions. The results indicate that smart contracts can, in principle, be categorized as valid contracts if they fulfill the elements of aqidain (the parties), ma'qud 'alaih (the object of the contract), and shighat (the consent and acceptance) in the form of electronic agreements, and are free from gharar, maisir, and riba (usury). However, the complexity of the code and the nature of automation have the potential to create uncertainty and unfairness in their implementation. In conclusion, smart contracts are acceptable under Islamic economic law, provided they are reconstructed based on the principles of transparency, fairness, and sharia oversight to ensure compliance with the maqasid (maqasid) of sharia, particularly in the protection of assets (hifz al-mal).

Keywords: Smart Contract, Blockchain, Islamic Economic Law, Contract, Fiqh Muamalah, Maqasid Sharia

REKONTRUKSI PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM ATAS KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM INDUSTRI TEBU BERBASIS PRINSIP HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH

Andi Susanto — 2026-08-17

Abstract
This study examines the reconstruction of legal liability for environmental damage in the sugar industry based on the principles of Islamic economic law. The main issue addressed is the limited effectiveness of the existing environmental legal framework in achieving substantive justice, particularly in addressing ecological damage caused by land-burning practices in agribusiness activities. This study aims to reconstruct the concept of legal liability by integrating the principles of Islamic economic law to establish a more ethical and sustainable legal framework. Unlike previous studies, which primarily examine environmental liability from the perspective of positive law or discuss Islamic economic law in a general normative context, this research offers a novel contribution by developing an integrated legal liability model that combines the principles of maqashid al-shariah, fiqh al-bi'ah, and environmental accountability within a preventive, corrective, and restorative framework. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, with analysis based on maqashid al-shariah and fiqh al-bi'ah as ethical foundations. The findings reveal that the existing legal liability framework remains predominantly repressive and has not fully accommodated preventive and restorative dimensions. In contrast, Islamic economic law emphasizes moral accountability, the principle of khilafah (stewardship), and the protection of public welfare (maslahah), thereby providing a more comprehensive model of legal responsibility. Based on these findings, this study proposes a reconstructed legal liability model that integrates preventive, corrective, and restorative mechanisms grounded in Islamic principles as a new paradigm for resolving environmental disputes. This model is expected to provide a conceptual contribution to the development of Indonesia's environmental law toward a more just, sustainable, and public welfare-oriented legal system.

Keywords: legal liability, environmental damage, sugar industry, Islamic economic law, maqashid al-shariah.

ANALISIS KESIAPAN BMT DALAM MENGADOPSI ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE PADA KEPUTUSAN PEMBIAYAAN BERBASIS MAQASHID SYARIAH (STUDI KASUS BMT UGT NUSANTARA CABANG WONGSEROJO)

Uslan — 2026-08-17

ABSTRAK

Transformasi digital pada lembaga keuangan mikro syariah mendorong pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) untuk meningkatkan layanan pembiayaan. Namun, kajian mengenai implementasi AI pada Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) masih terbatas, terutama yang mengintegrasikan kesiapan organisasi dengan perspektif Maqasid Syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kesiapan BMT UGT Nusantara Cabang Wongsorejo Banyuwangi dalam mengimplementasikan AI pada sistem pembiayaan menggunakan Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) Framework. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan teknologi, organisasi, dan lingkungan secara umum mendukung implementasi AI. Namun, AI hanya berfungsi sebagai decision support system, sedangkan keputusan pembiayaan tetap berada pada komite pembiayaan berdasarkan verifikasi lapangan, penilaian karakter anggota, dan prinsip syariah. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah pengembangan Human-Centered AI Financing Model yang mengintegrasikan TOE Framework dengan Maqasid Syariah, sehingga AI berperan mendukung pengambilan keputusan tanpa menggantikan pertimbangan manusia pada lembaga keuangan mikro syariah.

Kata Kunci: Artificial Intelligence; Baitul Maal wat Tamwil; TOE Framework; Maqasid Syariah.